What happens to performance as arousal increases, based on the relationship between the two?

The relationship between arousal and performance is best represented by the concept known as the inverted-U hypothesis. As arousal levels increase, performance typically improves up to a certain optimal point. This point represents the level of arousal that enhances focus, motivation, and readiness, thereby enabling an athlete to perform at their best.

However, if arousal continues to increase beyond this optimal level, performance can start to decline. Excessive arousal can lead to stress, anxiety, and a decrease in concentration, which can ultimately hinder performance. This reflects the idea that while moderate arousal can enhance performance, too much arousal can have the opposite effect.

Therefore, the correct answer reflects this dynamic relationship: performance increases to an optimal point with rising arousal but will decrease if arousal levels continue to escalate beyond that point. This nuanced understanding is critical for athletes and coaches in managing training and competition environments.